Architecture

ChainIO separates operational throughput from governance guarantees: raw payloads stay off-chain; hashes, signatures, device identity, and compliance outcomes are anchored on a permissioned Hyperledger Fabric network with 2-of-3 multi-organisation endorsement.

Layer 1: Edge and gateway

Devices and gateways sign canonical telemetry. Only registered, active devices can submit. SQLite buffering preserves order during connectivity gaps.

Layer 2: Blockchain governance

Device registry, event anchors, and compliance alerts live in chaincode on channel chainio-poc. Writes need endorsement from a majority of independent organisations — not a single admin.

Layer 3: Storage and index

Off-chain payload store plus PostgreSQL index for fast dashboard queries, alerts, and verification metadata. Anchoring only hash roots keeps ledger throughput practical for high-volume IoT.

Layer 4: Application

Role-based dashboards for city and plant operators, regulator exports, and public verify/explorer routes that anyone can use without trusting a single dashboard vendor.

Fabric organisation map (PoC)

Endorsement policy: majority of organisations (2-of-3) for write transactions. State PCB endorses both city environmental and industrial compliance data.

OrganisationMSP IDEndorsement role
ChainIO PlatformOrgPlatformGateway operations and platform endorsement
City ULBOrgULBMunicipal environmental data endorsement
State PCBOrgPCBRegulatory endorsement for city and industrial compliance

Anchor-only storage model

Every IoT reading does not need its own consensus round. The gateway hashes signed payloads, stores full JSON off-chain, and anchors integrity proofs on Fabric. Independent verifiers recompute hashes and check signatures against the on-chain anchor — the same pattern recommended for blockchain–IoT scale.

Try it in the live verifier or explorer.